F I R E B A L L S T 1 6 2 0 A T QUANTUM Native| Translation ------+-----+-----+----- Form 3.5"/SLIMLINE Cylinders | 3128| | Capacity form/unform 1614/ MB Heads 2| 16| | Seek time / track 10.0/ 2.0 ms Sector/track | 63| | Controller IDE / ATA3 ULTRA Precompensation Cache/Buffer 128 KB SEGMENTED Landing Zone Data transfer rate 16.000 MB/S int Bytes/Sector 512 33.300 MB/S ext UDMA Recording method EPRML operating | non-operating -------------+-------------- Supply voltage 5/12 V Temperature *C 5 55 | -40 65 Power: sleep 1.0 W Humidity % 5 85 | 5 95 standby 1.0 W Altitude km -0.200 3.000| -0.200 12.000 idle 5.0 W Shock g 10 | 70 seek 10.0 W Rotation RPM 5400 read/write 7.0 W Acoustic dBA 32 spin-up 23.0 W ECC Bit 224BIT ON THE FLY,SMART MTBF h 400000 Warranty Month 36 Lift/Lock/Park YES Certificates CE(EU),CISPR22,CSA,FCC,IEC... ********************************************************************** L A Y O U T ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL ST JUMPER SETTING +---------------------------------------------------------+ | |XX | |XXI | |XXN | |XXT | |XXE | |XXR | |XXF | |XXA | |XXC | |XXE | |XX1 | |xx | |xx | | | |XX Power | |XX +---------------------------------------------------------+ ********************************************************************** J U M P E R S ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL ST (AT) PRODUCT MANUAL 81-113133-01 2/97 Jumper Setting ============== Quantum IDE disk drives have multiple jumper setting options and are used to set specific drive features. The most common settings are used to define the drive as the primary or secondary drive on the IDE cable. ATA CABLE PIN+ Not Used +--------------------------------------1----------++--------+ |* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *| XXXXXX | |* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *| xxxxxx | +--------------------+----------------------+-+-+--+-Power--+ Blank key DS+ | PK CS Single Drive = DS only Master Drive = DS only Slave Drive = No Jumpers PK = Jumper Parking Position +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ |CS |DS |PK | Pin 28| Description | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 0 | X | X |Drive configured as a slave. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 1 | 0 | X | OPEN |Drive configured as Slave. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 1 | X | X |Drive is configured as Master. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ | 1 | 0 | X | GND |Drive is configured as Master. | +---+---+---+-------+---------------------------------------------+ NOTE In the table below, a 0 indicates that the jumper is removed, a 1 indicates that the jumper is installed, and an X indicates that the jumper setting does not matter. Master/Slave ------------ Quantum IDE drives have additional jumper settings used for optional features found on the drive. Listed below are the various jumper options that may be found on Quantum IDE drives and the corresponding feature that they enable. Drive Select Jumper ------------------- You can also daisy-chain two drives on the IDE bus interface by using their Drive Select (DS) jumpers. To use the DS feature, the CS jumper must be removed. To configure a drive as the Master (Drive 0), a jumper must be installed on the DS pins. The Quantum Fireball ST AT hard disk drives are shipped from the factory as a Master (Drive 0 - DS jumper installed). To configure a drive as a Slave (Drive 1), the DS jumper must be removed. In this configuration, the spare jumper removed from the DS position may be stored on the SP jumper pins. NOTE The order in which drives are connected in a daisy chain has no significance. CS Cable Select Jumper ----------------------- When two Fireball ST AT hard disk drives are daisy-chained together, they can be configured as Master and Slave by using the CS jumper or by using the DS jumpers. To configure the drive as a Master or Slave with the CS feature, the CS jumper is installed. Once you install the CS jumper, the drive is configured as a Master or Slave by state of the Cable Select signal, which is pin 28 at the IDE-bus interface connector. Please note that pin 28 is a vendor- specific pin that Quantum is using for a specific purpose. More than one function is allocated to CS, according to the ATA CAM specifica- tion. If pin 28 is 0 (grounded), the drive is configured as a Master. If it is a 1 (high), the drive is configured as a Slave. In order to configure two drives in a Master/Slave realationship using the CS jumper, you need to use a cable that provides the proper signal level at pin 28 of the IDE bus connector. This allows two drives to operate in a Master/Slave realtionship according the drive cable placement. Master with Slave Present Jumper Configuration ---------------------------------------------- In combination with the current DS or CS jumper settings, the Slave Present (SP) jumper implements one of two possible configurations: - When the drive is configured as a Master (DS jumper installed or CS jumper installed and the Cable Select signal set to 0), adding an additional jumper (both jumpers DS and CS now installed) will indicate to the drive that a Slave drive is present. This Master with Slave Present jumper configuration should be installed on the Master drive only if the Slave drive does NOT use the Drive Active/Slave Present (DASP-) signal to indicate its presence. Jumper Parking (PK) Position ---------------------------- The PK position is used as a holding place for the jumper for a slave drive in systems that do not support Cable Select. The pins used for the parking position are vendor unique. The drive will bias the parking position pins to detect the presence of this jumper. When doing so it will maintainn a minimum impedance of 4.7K to the +5 volt supply and 2.4K to ground. The unused position, may be also used as a jumper paring position, if desired. ********************************************************************** I N S T A L L ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL ST (AT) PRODUCT MANUAL 81-113133-01 2/97 Notes On Installation ===================== Installation direction ---------------------- horizontally vertically +-----------------+ +--+ +--+ | | | +-----+ +-----+ | | | | | | | | | +-+-----------------+-+ | | | | | | +---------------------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +---------------------+ | +-----+ +-----+ | +-+-----------------+-+ +--+ +--+ | | | | +-----------------+ The drive will operate in all axis (6 directions). IDE BUS ADAPTER --------------- There are two ways you can configure a system to allow the Quantum Fireball ST 1.6/2.1/3.2/4.3/6.4AT hard disk drive to communicate over the IDE bus of an IBM or IBM-compatible PC: 1. Connect the drive to a 40-pin IDE bus connector (if available) on the motherboard of the PC. 2. Install an IDE-compatible adapter board in the PC and connect the drive to the adapter board. 40-Pin IDE Bus Connector ------------------------ Most PC motherboards have a built-in 40-pin IDE bus connector that is compatible with the 40-pin IDE interface of the Quantum Fireball ST hard disk drive. If the motherboard has an IDE connector, simply connect a 40-pin ribbon cable between the drive and the motherboard. Adapter Board ------------- If your PC motherboard does not contain a built-in, 40-pin IDE bus interface connector, you must install an IDE bus adapter board and connecting cable to allow the drive to interface with the mother- board. Quantum does not supply such an adapter board, but they are available from several third-party vendors. Orientation ----------- The mounting holes on the Quantum Fireball ST AT hard disk drive allow the drive to be mounted in any orientation. For mounting, #6-32 UNC screws are recommended. Caution: The PCB is very close to the mounting holes. Do not exceed the specified length for the mounting screws. The specified screw length allows full use of the mounting-hole threads, while avoiding damaging or placing unwanted stress on the PCB. To avoid stripping the mounting-hole threads, the maximum torque applied to the mounting screws must not exceed 8 inch-pounds. A maximum screw length of 0.25 inches may be used. NOTE It is highly recommended that the drive is hard mounted on to the chassis of the system being used for general operation, as well as for test purposes. If, for Bench-test purposes or any other reason, it is not possible to mount the drive in the system chassis, Quantum recommends that the drive be placed on a high-density anti-static foam pad. Failure to use a flat and stable surface can result in erroneous errors during testing. Clearance --------- Clearance from the drive - except mounting surfaces - to any surface must be 0.05 inches minimum (1.25 mm). Ventilation ----------- The Quantum Fireball ST AT hard disk drives operates without a cooling fan, provided the ambient air temperature does not exceed 131*F (55*C) at any point along the drive form factor envelope. DC Power (J1 A) --------------- The recommended mating connectors for the +5VDC and +12VDC input power are listed above. J1 A 4-Pin Connector: AMP P/N 1-480424-0 Loose piece contacts: AMP P/N VS 60619-4 Strip contacts: AMP P/N VS 61117-4 Power Sequencing ---------------- You may apply the power in any order or manner, or short or open either the power or power return line with no loss of data or damage to the disk drive. However, data may be lost in the sector being written at the time of power loss. The drive can withstand transient voltages of +10% to -100% from nominal while powering up or down. Drive Cable and Connector ------------------------- The hard disk drive connects to the host computer by means of a cable. This cable contains a 40-pin connector that plug into the drive, and a 40-pin connector that plugs into the host computer. At the host end, the cable plugs into either an adapter board residing in a host expansion slot or an on-board IDE adapter. If two drives are connected by a cable with two 40-pin drive connectors, the cable-select feature of the Fireball ST AT automatically configure each as drive 0 or drive 1 depending on the configuration of pin 28 on the connector. IDE-Bus Interface Connector (J1 C) ---------------------------------- On the Fireball ST AT hard disk drive, the IDE-bus interface cable connector (J1 section C) is a 40-pin Universal Header. To prevent the possibility of incorrect installation, has been keyed by removing Pin 20, which ensures that a connector cannot be installed upside down. For Systems with a Motherboard IDE Adapter ========================================== You can install the Fireball ST AT hard disk drive in an AT-compatible system that contains a 40-pin AT-bus connector on the motherboard. To connect the drive to the motherboard, use a 40-pin ribbon cable 18 inches in length or shorter. Ensure that pin 1 of the drive is connected to pin 1 of the motherboard connector. For Systems with an IDE Adapter Board ===================================== To install a Fireball ST AT hard disk drive in an AT-compatible system without a 40-pin, IDE bus connector on its motherboard, you need a third-party IDE-compatible adapterboard. Adapter Board Installation -------------------------- Carefully read the manual that accompanies your adapter board before installing it. Make sure that all the jumpers are set properly and that there are no addressing or signal conflicts. You must also investigate to see if your AT-compatible system contains a combination floppy and hard disk controller board. If it does, you must disable the hard disk drive controller functions on the controller board before proceeding. Once you have disabled the hard disk drive controller functions on the floppy/hard drive controller, install the adapter board. Again, make sure that you have set all jumper straps on the adapter board to avoid addressing and signal conflicts. Connecting the Adapter Board and the Drive ------------------------------------------ Use a 40-pin ribbon cable to connect the drive to the board. 1. Insert the 40-pin cable connector into the mating connector on the adapter board. Make sure that pin 1 of the connector matches with pin 1 on the cable. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the header on the drive. When inserting this end of the cable, make sure that pin 1 of the cable connects to pin 1 of the drive connector. 3. Secure the drive to the system chassis by using the mounting screws. Base Casting Assembly --------------------- A single-piece aluminium-alloy base casting provides a mounting sur- face for the drive mechanism and PCB. The base casting also acts as the flange for the DC motor assembly. To provide a contamination-free environment for the HDA, a gasket provides a seal between the base casting and the metal cover that enclose the drive mechanism. Air Filtration -------------- The Fireball ST AT hard disk drives are Winchester-type drives. The heads fly very close to the media surface. Therefore, it is essential that the air circulating within the drive be kept free of particles. Quantum assembles the drive in a Class-100, purified air environment, then seals the drive with a metal cover. When the drive is in use, the rotation of the disk forces the air inside of the drive through an internal 0.3 micron filter. DC Motor Assembly ----------------- Integral with the base casting, the DC motor assembly is a fixed- shaft, brushless DC spindle motor that drives the counter-clockwise rotation of the disks. Electrical Characteristics -------------------------- All signals are transistor-transistor logic (TTL) compatible - with logic 1 greater than 2.0 volts and less than 5.25 volts; and logic 0 greater than 0.0 volts and less than 0.8 volts. ********************************************************************** F E A T U R E S ********************************************************************** QUANTUM FIREBALL ST AT PRODUCT MANUAL 81-113133-01 2/97 General Description ------------------- Quantum's Fireball ST hard disk drives are a part of a family of high-performance, 1-inch-high hard disk drives manufactured to meet the highest product quality standards. These hard disk drives use nonremovable, 3 -inch hard disks, and are available with a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI-2,3) or Advanced Technology (AT) interface. The Fireball ST AT hard disk drives feature an embedded hard disk drive controller and use ATA commands to optimize systems performance. Because the drive manages media defects and error recovery internally, these operations are fully transparent to the user. System Startup and Operation ---------------------------- Once you have installed the Fireball ST AT hard disk drive and adapter board (if required) in the host system, you are ready to partition and format the drive for operation. To set up the drive correctly, follow these steps: 1. Power on the system 2. Run the SETUP program. This is generally on a Diagnostics or Utilities disk, or within the system's BIOS. 3. Enter the appropriate parameters. The SETUP program allows you to enter the types of optional hard- ware installed - such as the hard disk drive type, the floppy disk drive capacity, and the display adapter type. The system's BIOS uses this information to initialize the system when the power is switched on. For instructions on how to use the SETUP program, refer to the system manual for your PC. During the AT system CMOS setup, you must enter the drive type for the Fireball ST AT hard disk drive. The drive supports the translation of its physical drive geometry parameters such as cylinders, heads, and sectors per track, to a logical addressing mode. The drive can work with different BIOS drive-type tables of the various host systems. Formatted Capacity ------------------ At the factory, the Fireball ST AT receives a low-level format that creates the actual tracks and sectors on the drive. Data Transfer Rates ------------------- Data is transferred from the disk to the read buffer at a rate up to 132 Mbits/s in burst. Data is transferred from the read buffer to the IDE bus at a rate up to 16.67 MB/s, using programmed I/O with IORDY, or at a rate of up to 33 MB/s using Ultra DMA/33. Reliability ----------- Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): 400,000 Power On Hours (POH), typical usage Component Life: 5 years Preventive Maintenance (PM): Not required Start/Stop: 40,000 cycles (minimum) The Quantum MTBF numbers represent Bell-Core TR-TSY-000332 MTBF predictions and represent the minimum MTBF that Quantum or a customer would expect from the drive. Error Detection and Correction ------------------------------ As disk drive areal densities increase, obtaining extremely low error rate requires a new generation of sophisticated error correction codes. Quantum Fireball ST AT series hard disk drives implement 224-bit triple-burst Reed-Solomon error correction techniques to reduce the uncorrectable read error rate to less than one bit in 1 x 10(14) bits read. Automatic Actuator Lock ----------------------- To ensure data integrity and prevent damage during shipment, all Lightning Series hard disk drives feature a dedicated landing zone and Quantum's patented AIRLOCK. AIRLOCK, locks the headstack in the landing zone. It consists of an airvane mounted near the perimeter of the disk stack and a locking arm that restrains the actuator arm assembly. When DC power is applied to the motor and the disk stack rotates, the rotation generates an airflow on the surface of the disk. As the flow of air across the airvane increases with disk ratation, the locking arm pivots away from the actuator arm, enabling the headstack to move out of the landing zone. When DC power is removed from the motor, a return mechanism automatically pulls the actuator into the landing zone, where the AIRLOCK holds it in place. Disk Caching ------------ The Fireball ST AT hard disk drive incorporates DisCache, a 87K disk cache, to enhance drive performance. This integrated feature is user-programmable and can significantly improve system throughput. Read and write caching can be enabled or disabled by using the SET CONIGURATION command. Defect Management ----------------- The Fireball ST AT allocate 32 sectors per 65,504 sectors. In the factory, the media is scanned for defects. If a sector on a cylinder is found to be defective, the address of the sector is added to the drive's defect list. Sectors located physically sub- sequent to the defective sector are assigned logical block addresses such that a sequential ordering of logical blocks maintained. This inline sparing technique is employed in an attempt to eliminate slow data transfer that would result from a single defective sector on a cylinder. If more than 32 sectors are found defective within 65,504, the above inline sparing technique is applied to the 32 sectors only. The remaining defective sectors are replaced with the nearest available pool of spares. 1024 Cylinder Limitation on Older Computer Systems -------------------------------------------------- Because the MS-DOS operating system uses the computer's ROM BIOS to access the hard drive, it is limited to viewing 1,024 cylinders by the AT ROM BIOS. The CMOS System Setup is able to scan the total number of cylinders, but the BIOS is still limited to using only 1024 cylinders. Listed below are some techniques to resolve this difficulty. - Use a third party software program that translates the hard drive parameters to an acceptable configuration for MS-DOS. - Use a hard disk controller that translates the hard drive parameters to an appropriate setup for both MS-DOS, and the computer system's ROM BIOS. ********************************************************************** G E N E R A L ********************************************************************** QUANTUM ATA TIPS Comparing the Fast ATA and Enhanced IDE Disk Drive Interfaces ------------------------------------------------------------- Why are Fast ATA and Fast ATA-2 Important? Faster data transfer rates are important because a computer is only as fast as its slowest component. Today's 486, Pentium, and PowerPC-based computers offer processor speeds many times faster than only two years ago. Bus speeds have also increased with the inclusion of 32-bit VL and PCI local buses, which have a maximum data transfer rate of 132 MB/second. Faster buses mean that data can be transferred from the storage device to the host at greater speeds. Fast ATA and Fast ATA-2 allow disk drives to store and access this data faster, thus enhancing the other high-speed components in the system and removing the bottleneck associated with older ATA/IDE drives. In short, Fast ATA helps bring very high performance to desktop PC systems. In addition, when compared to SCSI, Fast ATA is the least expensive way to achieve faster disk drive data transfer rates and higher system performance. The implementation of Fast ATA through system BIOS provides performance without incremental hardware co sts. Older systems can support Fast ATA using an inexpensive host adapter. Fast ATA and Fast ATA-2 are easy to implement in either VL or PCI local bus systems. The hardware connection can be made using a standard 40-pin ATA ribbon cable from the drive to the host adapter. Direct connection to the motherboard further eases integration when provided by the motherboard supplier. Once connected, the high data transfer capabilities of Fast ATA can be enabled through the data transfer options found in most CMOS BIOS setup tables. Newer versions of BIOS provide automatic configuration for Fast ATA drives. Fast ATA can improve efficiency by allowing more work to be completed in less time because the computer moves data faster. Graphic, multimedia, and audio/visual software users will benefit most because the speed of those applications, which work with large blocks of data, are transfer-rate dependent. The Fast ATA and Enhanced IDE interfaces both use the local bus to speed data transfer rates. Enhanced IDE also uses the same PIO modes as Fast ATA, although a data transfer rate equal to the PIO mode 4 rate has not been announced for Enhanced IDE. The major differences between Fast ATA and Enhanced IDE are that the latter includes three distinct features in addition to fast data transfer rates. The additional features of Enhanced IDE are as follows: High-capacity addressing of ATA hard drives over 528 MB - a BIOS and device driver function. Dual ATA host adapters supporting up to four hard disk drives per computer system - a function of BIOS, operating system, and host adapter, not the drive. Support for non-hard disk drive peripherals such as CD-ROMs - a function of BIOS and the operating system, not the drive Each of these features supports improved functionality at a system level, a positive development for the industry and end users. However, support for all three features requires an extremely high degree of integration and revisions to operating systems and hard- ware, in addition to BIOS changes. Specific support is required not only for the storage peripherals but also for host adapters, core logic, the system bus, BIOS, and operating systems - virtually every major block of PC architecture. There is no central industry-supported standard that controls the features of Enhanced IDE. With no standard, some products sold as "Enhanced" may provide only one of the three features of Enhanced IDE. For example, fast data transfer rate support is be coming standard on mid-range and high-end local bus systems. This single feature could satisfy the users immediate requirements without the need for the other features of Enhanced IDE. In the future, if the same system is upgraded to add the remaining features of Enhanced IDE, users may be forced to purchase an Enhanced IDE package that contains a feature already installed. This could result in unnecessary costs, integration conflicts, and in- compatibility with original factory implementations. Fast ATA, on the other hand, represents only the fast data transfer rates for ATA hard drives (support for PIO mode 3 or 4 and DMA mode 1 or 2). Fast ATA and Fast ATA-2 data transfer rates can be easily achieved when the system BIOS and hard drive suppo rt the PIO and DMA protocols. BIOS that supports Fast ATA does not necessarily support high- capacity addressing, dual host adapters or non-hard drive peripherals. But these features are being introduced independently by system manufacturers in order to compete in the PC marketplace. All of Quantum's disk drives designed for PCs now support Fast ATA, and new products with Fast ATA support will be introduced in early 1995. The drives are also fully backward compatible with older ATA/ IDE (non-Fast ATA) BIOS. The Quantum drives support both the Extended CHS (Cylinder Head Sector) and LBA (Logical Block Address) addressing methods in overcoming the 528 MB DOS capacity barrier. Quantum drives can also be used with dual host adapters. Finally, there are no incompatibilities with Quantum hard drives that would prevent computer systems from supporting non-hard drive peripherals. Quantum drives that support Fast ATA include the following families: Quantum ProDrive LPS 170/210/340/420 Quantum ProDrive LPS 270/540 Quantum Maverick 270/540 Quantum Lightning 365/540/730 Quantum Daytona 127/170/256/341/514 Fast ATA and Fast ATA-2 are important technologies that can take advantage of the performance provided by the latest high-speed microprocessors and bus architectures. The high-speed interfaces are based on industry standard specifications and are the least expensive way to achieve faster disk drive data transfer rates. Fast ATA is not a group of features that requires an extremely high level of integration, and only represents the fast data transfer rates for ATA hard drives (PIO mode 3 or 4 and DMA mode 1 or 2). =====================================================================